# Lesson Plan: Phonics and Letter Sounds
## Grade: Primary 1
## Duration: 45 minutes
### Objectives:
1. Students will be able to identify and pronounce the sounds of the letters A, E, I, O, U.
2. Students will understand how to form simple words using these vowel sounds.
3. Students will engage in activities to reinforce their understanding of phonics.
### Materials:
- Flashcards with vowels A, E, I, O, U
- Picture cards or items that begin with vowels (e.g., apple, egg, igloo, orange, umbrella)
- Whiteboard and markers
- Phonics songs or videos (optional)
- Worksheets with simple words and pictures for matching
### Activities:
#### 1. Introduction (10 minutes)
- **Greeting and Warm-Up:** Start the class with a friendly greeting and a quick warm-up activity such as a song or a short video related to phonics.
- **Introduction to Vowels:** Show the students flashcards with the letters A, E, I, O, U. Pronounce each letter and ask the students to repeat after you.
#### 2. Vowel Identification (10 minutes)
- **Flashcard Drill:** Hold up each vowel flashcard and ask the students to say the letter name and sound. Do this several times, mixing up the order.
- **Interactive Activity:** Show picture cards or real objects that start with each vowel sound. For example, show an apple for A, an egg for E, and so on. Ask students to identify the object and the corresponding vowel sound.
#### 3. Forming Simple Words (10 minutes)
- **Whiteboard Activity:** Write simple CVC (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant) words on the whiteboard, such as "cat," "pen," "pig," "dog," and "bus." Focus on the vowel sounds and ask students to pronounce each word.
- **Group Practice:** Divide students into small groups. Give each group a set of letter cards (consonants and vowels). Ask them to form simple words and practice pronouncing them together.
#### 4. Worksheet Activity (10 minutes)
- **Matching Words and Pictures:** Hand out worksheets that have pictures and simple words beneath them. Ask students to draw lines matching the words to their corresponding pictures. For example, matching the word “cat” to a drawing of a cat.
- **Sound Circle:** In a circle, each student takes turns sounding out a short word from the worksheet or flashcards.
#### 5. Review and Conclusion (5 minutes)
- **Recap the Lesson:** Review the vowel sounds and some simple words the students have practiced. Hold up flashcards one more time and have students chorus the sounds and example words.
- **Closing Song/Activity:** End the lesson with a fun phonics song or game that reinforces the vowel sounds. For instance, a game in which students jump when they hear a vowel sound.
### Assessment:
- Observe students during activities to ensure they can identify and pronounce the vowel sounds.
- Check completed worksheets to assess understanding of matching words with pictures.
### Homework:
- Provide a simple take-home sheet with pictures that start with vowels. Ask students to color the pictures and practice saying the words with their parents.
### Notes:
- Adjust the pace based on students' understanding.
- Encourage participation and positive reinforcement to build confidence.